Subelements 6, 8, and 9 comprise only 25% of the test.

Circuit Components

E6A01 (C)In what application is gallium arsenide used as a semiconductor material in preference to germanium or silicon?

C. At microwave-frequency frequencies

E6A02 (A)What type of semiconductor material contains more free electrons than pure germanium or silicon crystals?

A. N-type

E6A03 (C) What are the majority charge carriers in P-type semiconductor material?

C. Holes

E6A04 (C)What is the name given to an impurity atom that adds holes to a semiconductor crystal structure?

C. Acceptor impurity

E6A05 (C)What is the alpha of a bipolar transistor?

C. The change of collector current with respect to emitter current

E6A06 (A)In Figure E6-1, what is the schematic symbol for a PNP transistor?

A. 1

E6A07 (D)What term indicates the frequency at which a transistor grounded base current gain has decreased to 0.7 of the gain obtainable at 1 kHz?

D. Alpha cutoff frequency

E6A08 (A)What is a depletion-mode FET?

A. An FET that has a channel with no gate voltage applied; a current flows with zero gate voltage

E6A09 (B)In Figure E6-2, what is the schematic symbol for an N-channel dual-gate MOSFET?

B. 4

E6A10 (A)In Figure E6-2, what is the schematic symbol for a P-channel junction FET?

A. 1

E6A11 (D)Why do many MOSFET devices have built-in gate-protective Zener diodes?

D. To prevent the gate insulation from being punctured by small static charges or excessive voltages

E6A12 (C)What do the initials CMOS stand for?

C. Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

E6A13 (C)How does DC input impedance on the gate of a field-effect transistor compare with the DC input impedance of a bipolar transistor?

C. An FET has high input impedance; a bipolar transistor has low input impedance

E6A14 (B)What two elements widely used in semiconductor devices exhibit both metallic and nonmetallic characteristics?

B. Silicon and germanium

E6A15 (B)What type of semiconductor material contains fewer free electrons than pure germanium or silicon crystals?

B. P-type

E6A16 (B)What are the majority charge carriers in N-type semiconductor material?

B. Free electrons

E6A17 (D)What are the three terminals of a field-effect transistor?

D. Gate, drain, source

E6B01 (B)What is the principal characteristic of a Zener diode?

B. A constant voltage under conditions of varying current

E6B02 (C) What is the principal characteristic of a tunnel diode?

C. A negative resistance region

E6B03 (C) What special type of diode is capable of both amplification and oscillation?

C. Tunnel

E6B04 (A)What type of semiconductor diode varies its internal capacitance as the voltage applied to its terminals varies?

A. Varactor

E6B05 (D)In Figure E6-3, what is the schematic symbol for a varactor diode?

D. 1

E6B06 (D)What is a common use of a hot-carrier diode?

D. As VHF and UHF mixers and detectors

E6B07 (B)What limits the maximum forward current rating in a junction diode?

B. Junction temperature

E6B08 (A)Structurally, what are the two main categories of semiconductor diodes?

A. PN junction and metal-semiconductor junction

E6B09 (C) What is a common use for point contact diodes?

C. As an RF detector

E6B10 (B)In Figure E6-3, what is the schematic symbol for a light-emitting diode?

B. 5

E6B11 (C) What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E6-4 when R1 is 10 ohms and RF is 470 ohms?

C. 47

E6B12 (D)How does the gain of a theoretically ideal operational amplifier vary with frequency?

D. It does not vary with frequency

E6B13 (A)What essentially determines the output impedance of a FET common-source amplifier?

A. The drain resistor

E6B14 (D)What will be the voltage of the circuit shown in Figure E6-4 if R1 is 1000 ohms and RF is 10,000 ohms and 0.23 volts is applied to the input?

D. -2.3 volts

E6B15 (C) What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E6-4 when R1 is 1800 ohms and RF is 68 kilohms?

C. 38

E6B16 (B)What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E6-4 when R1 is 3300 ohms and RF is 47 kilohms?

B. 14

E6B18 (B)Which of the following circuits is used to recover audio from an FM voice signal?

B. A phase-locked loop

E6B19 (A)What is the capture range of a phase-locked loop circuit?

A. The frequency range over which the circuit can lock

E6B20 (D)How are junction diodes rated?

D. Maximum forward current and PIV

E6B21 (C) What is one common use for PIN diodes?

C. As an RF switch

E6B22 (B)What type of bias is required for an LED to produce luminescence?

B. Forward bias

E6B23 (A)What is an operational amplifier?

A. A high-gain, direct-coupled differential amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components external to the amplifier

E6B24 (C)What is meant by the term op-amp input-offset voltage?

C. The potential between the amplifier input terminals of the op-amp in a closed-loop condition

E6B25 (D)What is the input impedance of a theoretically ideal op-amp?

D. Very high

E6B26 (A)What is the output impedance of a theoretically ideal op-amp?

A. Very low

E6B27 (C)What is a phase-locked loop circuit?

C. An electronic servo loop consisting of a phase detector, a low-pass filter and voltage-controlled oscillator

E6B28 (D)What functions are performed by a phase-locked loop?

D. Frequency synthesis, FM demodulation

E6C01 (C)What is the recommended power supply voltage for TTL series integrated circuits?

C. 5 volts

E6C02 (A)What logic state do the inputs of a TTL device assume if they are left open?

A. A high-logic state

E6C03 (A)What level of input voltage is high in a TTL device operating with a 5-volt power supply?

A. 2.0 to 5.5 volts

E6C04 (C)What level of input voltage is low in a TTL device operating with a 5-volt power-supply?

C. 0.0 to 0.8 volts

E6C05 (D)What is NOT a major advantage of CMOS over other devices?

D. Differential output

E6C06 (C)Why do CMOS digital integrated circuits have high immunity to noise on the input signal or power supply?

C. The input switching threshold is about one-half the power supply voltage

E6C07 (A)In Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for an AND gate?

A. 1

E6C08 (B)In Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for a NAND gate?

B. 2

E6C09 (B)In Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for an OR gate?

B. 3

E6C10 (D)In Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for a NOR gate?

D. 4

E6C11 (C)In Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for the NOT operation (inverter)?

C. 5

E6D01 (D)How is the electron beam deflected in a vidicon?

D. By varying electromagnetic fields

E6D02 (D)What is cathode ray tube (CRT) persistence?

D. The length of time the image remains on the screen after the beam is turned off

E6D03 (A)If a cathode ray tube (CRT) is designed to operate with an anode voltage of 25,000 volts, what will happen if the anode voltage is increased to 35,000 volts?

A. The image size will decrease and the tube will produce X-rays

E6D04 (B)Exceeding what design rating can cause a cathode ray tube (CRT) to generate X-rays?

B. The anode voltage

E6D05 (C)Which of the following is true of a charge-coupled device (CCD)?

C. It samples an analog signal and passes it in stages from the input to the output

E6D06 (A)What function does a charge-coupled device (CCD) serve in a modern video camera?

A. It stores photogenerated charges as signals corresponding to pixels

E6D07 (B)What is a liquid-crystal display (LCD)?

B. A display that uses a crystalline liquid to change the way light is refracted

E6D08 (D)What material property determines the inductance of a toroidal inductor with a 10-turn winding?

D. Core permeability

E6D09 (B)By careful selection of core material, over what frequency range can toroidal cores produce useful inductors?

B. From 100 Hz to at least 1000 MHz

E6D10 (B)What is one important reason for using powdered-iron toroids rather than ferrite toroids in an inductor?

B. Powdered-iron toroids generally have better temperature stability

E6D11 (C)What devices are commonly used as VHF and UHF parasitic suppressors at the input and output terminals of transistorized HF amplifiers?

C. Ferrite beads

E6D12 (A)What is a primary advantage of using a toroidal core instead of a solenoidal core in an inductor?

A. Toroidal cores contain most of the magnetic field within the core material

E6D13 (C) How many turns will be required to produce a 1-mH inductor using a ferrite toroidal core that has an inductance index (A L) value of 523 millihenrys/1000 turns?

C. 43 turns

E6D14 (A)How many turns will be required to produce a 5-microhenry inductor using a powdered-iron toroidal core that has an inductance index (A L) value of 40 microhenrys/100 turns?

A. 35 turns

E6D15 (D)What type of CRT deflection is better when high-frequency waves are to be displayed on the screen?

D. Electrostatic

E6D16 (C)Which is NOT true of a charge-coupled device (CCD)?

C. It can be used as an analog-to-digital converter

E6D17 (A)What is the principle advantage of liquid-crystal display (LCD) devices?

A. They consume low power

E6D18 (C)What is one important reason for using ferrite toroids rather than powdered-iron toroids in an inductor?

C. Ferrite toroids generally require fewer turns to produce a given inductance value

E6E01 (B)For single-sideband phone emissions, what would be the bandwidth of a good crystal lattice band-pass filter?

B. 2.1 kHz at -6 dB

E6E02 (C)For double-sideband phone emissions, what would be the bandwidth of a good crystal lattice band-pass filter?

C. 6 kHz at -6 dB

E6E03 (D)What is a crystal lattice filter?

D. A filter with narrow bandwidth and steep skirts made using quartz crystals

E6E04 (D)What technique is used to construct low-cost, high-performance crystal ladder filters?

D. Measure crystal frequencies and carefully select units with a frequency variation of less than 10% of the desired filter bandwidth

E6E05 (A)Which of the following factors has the greatest effect in helping determine the bandwidth and response shape of a crystal ladder filter?

A. The relative frequencies of the individual crystals

E6E06 (A)What is the piezoelectric effect?

A. Physical deformation of a crystal by the application of a voltage

E6E07 (A)What is the characteristic impedance of circuits in which MMICs are designed to work?

A. 50 ohms

E6E08 (B)What is the typical noise figure of a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) amplifier?

B. Approximately 3.5 to 6 dB

E6E09 (D)What type of amplifier device consists of a small pill sized package with an input lead, an output lead and 2 ground leads?

D. A monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC)

E6E10 (B)What typical construction technique do amateurs use when building an amplifier for the microwave bands containing a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC)?

B. Microstrip construction

E6E11 (A)How is the operating bias voltage supplied to a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) that uses four leads?

A. Through a resistor and RF choke connected to the amplifier output lead

E6E12 (D)How is the DC power from a voltage source fed to a monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC)?

D. Through a resistor

E6E13 (B)What supply voltage do monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC) amplifiers typically require?

B. 12 volts DC

E6E14 (C)What is the most common package for inexpensive monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) amplifiers?

C. Plastic packages